Water hammer, characterized by loud banging noises and potential damage to plumbing systems, occurs when water flow is abruptly stopped, creating shockwaves. Water hammer arrestors are essential devices designed to absorb these shockwaves, preventing damage to pipes and appliances. To ensure their effectiveness, it’s crucial to install water hammer arrestors in the right locations within the plumbing system. This article discusses where water hammer arrestors should be installed for optimal protection.
Understanding Water Hammer and Its Causes
Water hammer typically happens when fast-acting valves, such as those found in various household appliances, close suddenly. This sudden stoppage generates a pressure wave that travels through the pipes, causing noise and potential damage. By strategically installing water hammer arrestors, you can absorb these shockwaves, protecting your plumbing and connected devices.
Key Installation Points for Water Hammer Arrestors
- Near Washing Machines
Washing machines are prime culprits for causing water hammer due to their solenoid valves that quickly open and close to control water intake. Installing a water hammer arrestor close to the washing machine’s water supply lines can effectively absorb the shockwaves produced during the machine’s operation.
- Behind Dishwashers
Dishwashers, like washing machines, use solenoid valves that can cause water hammer. Placing a water hammer arrestor on the water supply line leading to the dishwasher helps prevent pressure surges from damaging both the appliance and the plumbing system.
- Connected to Refrigerators with Ice Makers and Water Dispensers
Modern refrigerators with ice makers and water dispensers are equipped with quick-acting valves that regulate water flow. Installing a water hammer arrestor on the water line connected to the refrigerator can prevent water hammer, ensuring the appliance operates smoothly and remains undamaged.
- On Water Heater Supply Lines
Water heaters, especially those with rapid on/off cycles, can be a source of water hammer. Installing a water hammer arrestor on the cold water supply line leading to the water heater helps absorb pressure surges, protecting the heater and extending its lifespan.
- Near Toilets with Fast-Closing Fill Valves
Toilets equipped with fill valves that close quickly can cause water hammer. Installing a water hammer arrestor on the supply line to the toilet can mitigate the impact of sudden pressure changes, preventing noise and potential damage.
- At Instant Hot Water Dispensers
Instant hot water dispensers, which provide hot water on demand, can also cause water hammer due to their quick valve actions. Installing a water hammer arrestor on the water supply line to these dispensers ensures smooth operation and protects the plumbing system.
General Guidelines for Installation
- Close to the Source of Water Hammer: The arrestor should be installed as close as possible to the valve or appliance causing the water hammer. This proximity ensures that the shockwave is absorbed before it travels through the plumbing system.
- Vertical or Horizontal Installation: Water hammer arrestors can be installed in both vertical and horizontal orientations. Ensure the arrestor is placed in a position that allows easy access for maintenance.
- Accessible Location: Choose an installation spot that is easy to reach for future inspections and maintenance. Avoid placing arrestors in confined spaces where access might be difficult.
- Professional Installation: For optimal performance, consider having a professional plumber install the water hammer arrestor. Professionals can accurately assess the plumbing system and identify the best locations for installation.
Additional Tips
- Regular Maintenance: Periodically check the water hammer arrestors to ensure they are functioning properly. Over time, the air cushion or spring inside the arrestor may lose its effectiveness and require servicing or replacement.
- Multiple Arrestors: In complex plumbing systems, multiple water hammer arrestors may be necessary. Install arrestors at various points in the system to cover all potential sources of water hammer.
Conclusion
Water hammer arrestors are crucial for protecting your plumbing system from the damaging effects of water hammer. Installing them near appliances and fixtures that cause sudden changes in water flow—such as washing machines, dishwashers, refrigerators with ice makers, water heaters, toilets, and instant hot water dispensers—ensures optimal protection. Following general guidelines for placement and seeking professional installation can further enhance the effectiveness of these devices, leading to a quieter and more durable plumbing system. Regular maintenance checks are essential to ensure continued performance and protection.